What Is Kennel Cough in Dogs? Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention Guide

A persistent, dry cough in your dog can be concerning, especially if it appears suddenly after a visit to a boarding facility, dog park, or grooming salon. One of the most common causes is kennel cough, a highly contagious respiratory infection that spreads easily among dogs in close contact. While most cases are mild and resolve with proper care, some dogs may require prompt veterinary treatment to prevent complications.

In this guide, we'll explore what kennel cough is, its common symptoms, how it is diagnosed and treated, and the best ways to protect your dog from infection.

What is Kennel Cough in Dogs?

Kennel cough, also known as canine infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by various bacteria or viruses. Most commonly, it is caused by the bacteria Bordetella bronchiseptica and the canine parainfluenza virus. These pathogens attack the lining of the respiratory tract, leading to inflammation and irritation.

The disease gets its name from its highly contagious nature, and it can spread fast from dog to dog by airborne particles when an infected dog coughs. Transmission can also occur through direct contact with contaminated objects like toys, cages, bowls, or blankets.

Kennel cough is characterised by a harsh, hacking cough, often resembling a goose honk or described as something stuck in the dog’s throat. It is also called the canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC) and can affect dogs of any age, gender, or breed.

Although not a medical emergency, some severe cases may require veterinary intervention, especially for geriatric dogs, young puppies, or dogs with weakened immune systems.

What are the Common Kennel Cough Symptoms in dogs?

The following signs can help you identify kennel cough in dogs:

• Persistent dry, hacking cough
• Sneezing or snorting
• A runny nose or eye discharge
• Decreased energy
• Lack of appetite
• Occasional gagging or retching

Since the condition is highly contagious, it’s imperative that you pay attention to the symptoms depicted by your pet and take prompt action.

How Kennel Cough in Dogs is Diagnosed and Treated?

The diagnosis generally starts with an enquiry about the dog’s medical history and the signs depicted. Your veterinarian may also recommend tests such as swab testing or X-rays to ascertain the causes and severity or eliminate other potential causes. They will recommend a kennel cough treatment plan depending on the cause detected and the severity of your dog’s symptoms.

In mild cases, the issues may resolve with plenty of rest, good hydration, and a calm environment within 1-3 weeks. However, if the cough is persistent and bacterial infection is confirmed, your veterinarian may prescribe antibiotics.

The treatment plan may involve cough suppressants or anti-inflammatory treatments to relieve discomfort and persistent cough. Recovery typically requires resting for 10-14 days. During this time make sure you avoid contact with other dogs to prevent the spread of infection and use harness instead of a collar. Furthermore, follow the veterinarian’s treatment and provide your pet with a comfortable environment.

How Can You Prevent Kennel Cough in Dogs?

The primary measures to prevent kennel cough in dogs includes avoiding exposure and ensuring vaccination against the two major pathogens: Parainfluenza virus and Bordetella bronchiseptica. While the vaccination reduces the risk, it does not fully protect them against other pathogens, bacterial or viral species that can cause kennel cough. Therefore, it is still important to limit your dog’s exposure to minimise the risk.

In addition to vaccination, you can help protect your dog by following these preventive measures:

• Avoid close contact with dogs showing signs of coughing or other respiratory diseases.
• Choose reputable boarding kennels, dog daycares, and grooming facilities.
• Regularly clean and disinfect your dog's bowls, toys, bedding, and other frequently used items.
• Wash your hands after handling unfamiliar dogs or visiting places where many dogs gather.
• Provide a balanced diet along with exercise and proper hydration to support your dog’s immune system.
• If your dog develops a cough, isolate them from other dogs and consult your veterinarian promptly to help prevent the spread of infection.

With good hygiene practices combined with vaccination, you can greatly reduce your dog’s risk of contracting the disease.

Parting Words

Kennel cough is a common but highly contagious respiratory illness that should never be ignored. Recognising the early symptoms, seeking timely veterinary advice, and following the recommended treatment can help your dog recover quickly while reducing the risk of spreading the infection. Keep in mind the information shared in this blog and be careful on your next visit to the dog park!

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